By default, on a fresh Debian install, you get the base packages to be able to boot up the system. Once the system boots up , you go through the system configuration wtih setting up your root password, users, password files, etc. Then debian asks you if you would like to install using "tasksel" or "dselect". That is where you would have to go in to install your packages.
First off, at this point, I would suggest upgrading to the latest stable release of Debian, because 2.2 (Potato) is a few years old. If you installed debian entirly from cd, then you need to update everything by running the command "apt-setup", from this menu, choose "ftp", then choose your local country and local mirror (say yes to using non-us and getting updates from security.debian.org). Apt will then download the latest package release for Stable. When that program is finished, you can issue the command "apt-get dist-upgrade" which will upgrade your installation to version 3.0 (Woody), note, this will take a while, there is a considerable upgrade between 2.2 and 3.0. When that is done, you can install X-Windows with the following:
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apt-get install xfree86-common xbase-clients xfonts-base xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xlibs xserver-common xutils
This will download and install your Xserver and run you through configuration for it. When this is done, you need to install a window manager, which can be anything, I would suggest something simple and easy first off like Window Maker (apt-get install wmaker) or blackbox (apt-get install blackbox).
When this is all said and done, you can just "startx" and it should boot you right in.
The beauty about Debian is that, initially, you don't get any crap that you don't want on your system, just the bare essentials to get the system up and running, then you add everything as you need it with apt-get. This is the main reason why I use debian on all my boxes.